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NAD+
A coenzyme central to cellular energy metabolism, studied extensively in mitochondrial function, DNA repair, and aging biology research models. One of the most researched molecules in modern longevity science.
$60.00
- +99% Purity
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A coenzyme central to cellular energy metabolism, studied extensively in mitochondrial function, DNA repair, and aging biology research models. One of the most researched molecules in modern longevity science.
About NAD+
NAD+ is not a peptide but a dinucleotide coenzyme, a molecule built from two nucleotides joined together, that functions as an essential carrier of electrons in cellular energy production. It participates in hundreds of metabolic reactions, making it one of the most fundamental molecules studied in cellular biology. NAD+ has become a focused subject of aging and longevity research over the past two decades, driven by the discovery that its levels decline significantly in research models over time and that restoring those levels produces measurable effects on tissue signaling and metabolic markers in controlled research settings.
The primary research interest in NAD+ centers on its role in mitochondrial function, specifically the process by which cells convert nutrients into usable energy at the molecular level. NAD+ is a critical component of this process, and declining NAD+ levels have been studied as a contributing factor to reduced energy output and metabolic efficiency in aging cell research models. This line of investigation has made NAD+ a reference compound for researchers studying the relationship between coenzyme availability and cellular metabolic function in vitro.
A second major research axis involves NAD+’s role as an activator of sirtuins, a family of proteins that regulate DNA repair signaling, inflammatory pathway activity, and cellular stress responses. Sirtuins require NAD+ to function, and research has examined whether maintaining NAD+ availability in laboratory research models helps preserve sirtuin activity across aging-related signaling contexts.
NAD+ has also been studied in the context of PARP enzymes, proteins that detect and initiate repair responses to DNA damage. PARP enzymes consume NAD+ during the repair process, and investigators have studied the relationship between NAD+ availability and the efficiency of DNA repair pathway activity in aging research models, examining whether NAD+ levels influence genomic stability over time in experimental research settings.
Mechanism of Action
- NAD+ serves as an electron carrier in the mitochondrial energy production process, shuttling energy from nutrients to the cellular machinery that produces ATP, the molecule cells use to power biological activity. Research has examined how declining NAD+ levels affect this process in aging cell research models and whether restoring NAD+ availability produces measurable changes in energy output in controlled research settings.
- NAD+ is required for the activation of sirtuins, a family of proteins that regulate how cells respond to stress, repair DNA signaling, and manage inflammatory pathway activity. Studies have investigated whether maintaining NAD+ availability preserves sirtuin function in aging tissue research models and whether that preservation influences downstream cellular signaling markers in vitro.
- Research has examined NAD+’s relationship to PARP enzymes, which use NAD+ to power the detection and repair of DNA strand breaks at the molecular level. Investigators have studied whether higher NAD+ availability supports more efficient DNA repair pathway activity in models of oxidative stress and aging-associated DNA damage accumulation in experimental research settings.
- NAD+ has been studied for its role in regulating cellular metabolism more broadly, with research examining its effects on how cells process glucose and fatty acids at the cellular level. Studies have investigated its relevance to insulin signaling and metabolic efficiency in preclinical research models of metabolic dysregulation.
- Research has examined NAD+’s potential effects on neurological signaling pathways, with studies investigating its role in supporting mitochondrial function in neural tissue research models and its potential to modulate cellular damage accumulation in neurodegenerative pathway research contexts.
Research Highlights
NAD+ is one of the most studied molecules in mitochondrial biology, with research examining how age-related NAD+ decline affects the efficiency of cellular energy production in controlled research settings. Studies have investigated NAD+ as a tool for understanding the metabolic signaling changes associated with cellular aging at the molecular level.
Sirtuins have become one of the most studied protein families in longevity research, and NAD+ is their essential activating coenzyme. Research has examined whether maintaining NAD+ availability preserves sirtuin activity in aging research models, with investigators studying this relationship as a primary axis of longevity-associated signaling biology.
Research has examined NAD+'s role in supporting PARP-mediated DNA repair pathway activity, with studies investigating whether higher NAD+ availability improves the capacity of cells to detect and correct DNA damage in experimental research settings. This area is of particular interest to investigators studying age-related genomic instability and DNA damage accumulation at the cellular level.
Preclinical studies have investigated NAD+'s role in metabolic signaling, with research examining its effects on glucose processing, fatty acid metabolism, and insulin signaling pathway activity in laboratory research models. Investigators have studied NAD+ as a tool for understanding how cellular energy metabolism changes influence broader metabolic signaling outcomes in structured research environments.
Product Specifications
- Molecular Formula
- C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂
- Molecular Weight
- 663.43 g/mol
- CAS #
- 53-84-9
- Sequence
- Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form); adenosine 5'-diphosphate linked to nicotinamide mononucleotide
- Purity
- ≥99% (HPLC verified)
- Form
- Lyophilized powder
- Appearance
- White to off-white powder
- Solubility
- Universal Solvent
- Storage
- -20°C (lyophilized), 2-8°C (after preparation)
Reference
- Yoshino, J., Baur, J. A., & Imai, S. I. (2018). NAD+ intermediates: The biology and therapeutic potential of NMN and NR. Cell Metabolism, 27(3), 513–528.
- Verdin, E. (2015). NAD+ in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration. Science, 350(6265), 1208–1213.
- Rajman, L., Chwalek, K., & Sinclair, D. A. (2018). Therapeutic potential of NAD-boosting molecules: The in vivo evidence. Cell Metabolism, 27(3), 529–547.
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